Solve (x + 1)/(x − 3) = 5
Rational equation, worked out line by line the way a teacher would write it.
Answer
| Solution | x = 4 |
Step-by-step solution
9 steps-
1 Given\frac{x + 1}{x - 3} = 5
Solve for x.
-
2 Note the values that make a denominator zero — they can never be solutions
Dividing by zero is undefined, so a value that makes a denominator 0 can never be a solution, even if it turns up as an answer later.
x \neq 3 -
3 Multiply every term by the least common denominator x - 3
Multiplying every term on both sides by the least common denominator x - 3 cancels every fraction at once. The equation stays balanced because all terms were multiplied by the same thing.
\frac{x + 1}{x - 3} \left(x - 3\right) = \left(x - 3\right) 5This clears all the fractions.
-
4 Cancel and simplifyx + 1 = 5 x - 15
-
5 Subtract 5x from both sides
An equation stays true as long as you do the same thing to both sides, like adding the same weight to both pans of a balance. Adding or subtracting the same amount on both sides moves a term to the other side, where it appears with the opposite sign.
1 - 4 x = -15Collect every term containing x on the left.
-
6 Subtract 1 from both sides- 4 x = -16
Move the constant terms to the right.
-
7 Divide both sides by -4
Dividing both sides by -4 undoes the multiplication by -4, so the variable is left on its own. Both sides change in the same way, so the equation stays true (dividing by 0 is the one thing that is never allowed).
x = \frac{-16}{-4} -
8 Simplifyx = 4
-
9 Check\begin{aligned}x = 4:\quad 5 = 5\quad\checkmark\end{aligned}
Substituting each solution back makes both sides equal.
Check by substitution
| x | Left side | Right side | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 5 | 5 | ✓ |
Change a number or try your own problem: the solver works it out the same way, with a graph and hint mode.