Solve 3x² + 12x + 12 = 0
Quadratic equation, worked out line by line the way a teacher would write it.
Answer
| Solution | x = −2 |
Step-by-step solution
9 steps-
1 Given3 x^{2} + 12 x + 12 = 0
Solve for x.
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2 Divide both sides by the common factor 3
Every coefficient is divisible by 3. Dividing both sides by 3 gives smaller numbers and the same solutions, because 0 divided by 3 is still 0.
x^{2} + 4 x + 4 = 0 -
3 This is a quadratic in standard form ax² + bx + c = 0
Every quadratic equation can be arranged as ax² + bx + c = 0. Reading off a = 1, b = 4 and c = 4, signs included, shows which method fits: factoring, taking a square root or the quadratic formula.
a = 1,\quad b = 4,\quad c = 4 -
4 Factor the trinomial: find two numbers whose product is c = 4 and whose sum is b = 4
The goal is to write x² + bx + c as (x + p)(x + q). Multiplying that out gives x² + (p + q)x + p·q, so p and q must multiply to c = 4 and add up to b = 4.
List the pairs of numbers whose product is 4, with their signs, and pick the pair whose sum is 4.
2 \cdot 2 = 4,\qquad 2 + 2 = 4 -
5 Write the factored form\left(x + 2\right)^{2} = 0
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6 Zero product property: a product is 0 only when one of its factors is 0
0 is the only number with this property: if a·b = 0, then a = 0 or b = 0. That is why the equation was first rearranged to … = 0 and factored: now each factor can be set to 0 on its own, giving a simpler equation for each.
x + 2 = 0 -
7 Subtract 2 from both sides
An equation stays true as long as you do the same thing to both sides, like adding the same weight to both pans of a balance. Adding or subtracting the same amount on both sides moves a term to the other side, where it appears with the opposite sign.
x = -2Move the constant terms to the right.
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8 This factor appears 2 times, so the root has multiplicity 2
A factor that appears more than once, like (x − 2)², gives the same root again. The root is counted that many times; when the count is even, the graph touches the x-axis there instead of crossing it.
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9 Check\begin{aligned}x = -2:\quad 0 = 0\quad\checkmark\end{aligned}
Substituting each solution back makes both sides equal.
Check by substitution
| x | Left side | Right side | |
|---|---|---|---|
| −2 | 0 | 0 | ✓ |
Change a number or try your own problem: the solver works it out the same way, with a graph and hint mode.